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  • Units
  • |
    • About the course
    • Learning format
    • Units
    |Unit 4: Disinformation and manipulation
    |
    • Unit 1: Media landscape
    • Unit 2: Types of media
    • Unit 3: Social media
    • Unit 5: Wrapping up
    |Part C: Stereotypes and Hate Speech
    |
      |Hate Speech vs Freedom of Speech
      |
      • Hate Speech vs Freedom of Speech
      • How to Report Hate Speech Online
      • Quiz: Inclusive Language
      |
      Units
      |
      Unit 4: Disinformation and manipulation
      • Unit 1: Media landscape
      • Unit 2: Types of media
      • Unit 3: Social media
      • Unit 5: Wrapping up
      |
      Part C: Stereotypes and Hate Speech
      • Part A: What Is Disinformation?
      • Part B: Manipulation
      |
      Hate Speech vs Freedom of Speech
      • Hate Speech vs Freedom of Speech
      • How to Report Hate Speech Online
      • Quiz: Inclusive Language
      |
      Small cup
      Small cup marked
      Up to 5 minutes
      Middle cup
      Middle cup marked
      Up to 15 minutes
      Large cup
      Large cup marked
      15 minutes or more

      Unit 4

      Disinformation and manipulation

      Part C: Stereotypes and Hate Speech

      What is hate speech and where does it come from? How can stereotyping lead to violence and hate? Learn how to report hate speech on social media.

      Hate Speech vs Freedom of Speech

      Where is the boundary between freedom of speech and hate speech? How is stereotyping connected to hate speech? Learn how hate speech can foster animosity and how to counteract it.

      How to Report Hate Speech Online

      If you ever see others spreading unacceptable content, do not pass it by. Report it. 

      Follow the links to find out how to report hate speech on Facebook, TikTok, YouTube, Instagram, and Twitter.

      Estonia has mechanisms in place for reporting cyber-bullying through their KiVa anti-bullying platform, and hate crimes should always be reported to the police. Estonia also has a web police unit. If hate speech or troublesome content appears in the media, and is about you or concerns you directly, you can file a complaint with the Estonian Press Council which evaluates whether the material published is in accordance with journalistic ethics, however, the Council cannot make anyone remove the problematic content.

      Latvia has several ways to report hate speech. The State Police can be contacted for instances of social hatred or hate crimes, the Security Police for national, racial, or ethnic hate speech, and the Latvian Centre for Human Rights for reporting hate speech or hate crimes of any kind—they assist in assessing the potential crime and offer legal assistance, if needed.  There is also an app for State Police where one can report crimes committed online.

      In Lithuania, hate speech can be reported to the NGO Mano Teises for legal assistance, or to the Office of the Inspector of Journalistic Ethics that monitors online hate speech and can conduct non-criminal investigations, including issuing fines. One may also report to the National LGBT Association LGL for LGBT+ specific crimes and free legal assistance, or directly to State Police. The resource Nepyka has resources on different types of hate speech/crimes, how to determine if hate speech has occurred, and how to report.

      Quiz: Inclusive Language

      Inclusive Language

      1 / 10

      What would you say?

      2 / 10

      What would you say?

      3 / 10

      What would you say?

      4 / 10

      What would you say?

      5 / 10

      What would you say?

      6 / 10

      What would you say?

      7 / 10

      What would you say?

      8 / 10

      What would you say?

      9 / 10

      What would you say?

      10 / 10

      What would you say?

      / 10

      Thank you for the answers!

      If you want to, you can try doing the quiz again or proceed with the course.

      Thank you for the answers!

      If you want to, you can try doing the quiz again or proceed with the course.

      Thank you for the answers!

      If you want to, you can try doing the quiz again or proceed with the course.

      Amplify/ˈæmplɪfaɪ/to increase something in strength, especially sound; to add details to a story, statement, etc.
      Animosity/ˌænɪˈmɒsəti/a strong feeling of opposition, anger or hatred
      Assess/əˈses/to make a judgement about the nature or quality of somebody/something
      Asylum seeker/əˈsaɪləm siːkə(r)/a person who has been forced to leave their own country because they are in danger and who arrives in another country asking to be allowed to stay there
      Counteract/ˌkaʊntərˈækt/to do something to reduce or prevent the bad or harmful effects of something
      Deliberately/dɪˈlɪbərətli/done in a way that was planned, not by chance
      Diminish/dɪˈmɪnɪʃ/to become or to make something become smaller, weaker, etc.; to make somebody/something seem less important than they really are
      Disseminate/dɪˈsemɪneɪt/to spread information, knowledge, etc. so that it reaches many people
      Expression/ɪkˈspreʃn/Things that people say, write or do in order to show their feelings, opinions and ideas  Freedom of expression = freedom to say what you think
      Foster/ˈfɒstə(r)/to encourage something to develop
      Frontier/ˈfrʌntɪə(r)/a line that separates two countries, etc.; the land near this line
      Gender/ˈdʒendə(r)/the fact of being male or female, especially when considered with reference to social and cultural differences, rather than differences in biology; members of a particular gender as a group
      Impart/ɪmˈpɑːt/to pass information, knowledge, etc. to other people
      Insult/ˈɪnsʌlt/a remark or an action that is said or done in order to offend somebody
      Massacre/ˈmæsəkə(r)/the killing of a large number of people especially in a cruel way
      Nickname/ˈnɪkneɪm/an informal, often humorous, name for a person that is connected with their real name, their personality or appearance, or with something they have done
      Quarrel/ˈkwɒrəl/an angry argument or disagreement between people, often about a personal matter; (especially in negative sentences) a reason for complaining about somebody/something or for disagreeing with somebody/something
      Quote/kwəʊt/to repeat the exact words that another person has said or written
      Red line/ˌred ˈlaɪn/an issue or a demand that one person or group refuses to change their opinion about during a disagreement or negotiations
      Stereotype/ˈsteriətaɪp/a fixed idea or image that many people have of a particular type of person or thing, but which is often not true in reality
      oxfordlearnersdictionaries
      < Part BUnit 5 >
      Developed by Supported by
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      Very Verified: An Online Course on Media Literacy was developed by Media Literacy in the Baltics, a program of the U.S. Department of State, administered by global development and education organization IREX, using Learn to Discern (L2D) approach to building citizen resilience against disinformation and manipulation.

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